Vocal Range Calculator — Semitones, Octaves & Voice Type
Enter the MIDI note numbers of your lowest and highest comfortable singing notes to find your vocal range in semitones and octaves, see the exact frequencies, and get an approximate voice type classification.
Span from lowest to highest note in your range
- 1
Semitone span
72 − 48 = 24Each MIDI number is one semitone; A4 = 69, middle C = 60. - 2
Vocal range in octaves
24 ÷ 12 = 2
How does this calculator work?
Vocal range in semitones = high_MIDI − low_MIDI; divide by 12 for octaves. Frequency = 440 × 2^((MIDI − 69)/12) Hz. Middle C = MIDI 60, each octave doubles the frequency. Untrained adults typically span 1.5–2 octaves; trained singers 2–3 octaves or more.
Formula
How this is calculated
MIDI note numbers are the standard integer coding for musical pitches: each semitone step is one unit, A4 (concert pitch, 440 Hz) is MIDI 69, and middle C (C4) is MIDI 60. The full piano range runs from A0 (MIDI 21, 27.5 Hz) to C8 (MIDI 108, 4186 Hz). One octave spans exactly 12 semitones, and each octave doubles the frequency.
To find your range, sing your lowest comfortable note and identify it (online keyboard charts show which MIDI number corresponds to each piano key). Do the same for your highest comfortable note. This calculator then computes the semitone gap, converts to octaves (dividing by 12), and uses the equal-temperament formula f = 440 × 2^((MIDI − 69)/12) to find the Hz frequency of each extreme. The frequency ratio between high and low equals 2^(octaves).
Voice type classification is based on the lowest note of your range — bass voices anchor below G2 (MIDI 43), tenors and altos around C3–G3 (MIDI 48–55), and sopranos from around C4 (MIDI 60) upward. Real fach classification also considers timbre, passaggio placement and tessitura, so treat the output as a starting estimate rather than a definitive label.
Frequently asked questions
Middle C is C4, which is MIDI note number 60. A4 (concert pitch, 440 Hz) is MIDI 69. Each semitone step up adds 1 to the MIDI number; each octave up adds 12.
Most untrained adult singers have a comfortable range of about 1.5 to 2 octaves (18–24 semitones). Trained classical singers typically develop 2–3 octaves, and exceptional performers such as operatic sopranos or countertenors can exceed 3.5 octaves of usable range.
Use a piano app, virtual keyboard, or chromatic tuner on your phone. Sing the lowest sustained pitch you can produce clearly, identify the note name on the keyboard (e.g. C3), and look up its MIDI number. Repeat for your highest comfortable pitch. C3 = MIDI 48, C4 = MIDI 60, C5 = MIDI 72 — each C adds 12.
Also known as
TG we-Calculate Editorial Team. (2026). Vocal Range Calculator — Semitones, Octaves & Voice Type [Online calculator]. TG we-Calculate. https://we-calculate.com/calculator/vocal-range-calculator
TG we-Calculate Editorial Team. "Vocal Range Calculator — Semitones, Octaves & Voice Type." TG we-Calculate. 2026. https://we-calculate.com/calculator/vocal-range-calculator.
TG we-Calculate Editorial Team, "Vocal Range Calculator — Semitones, Octaves & Voice Type," TG we-Calculate, 2026. [Online]. Available: https://we-calculate.com/calculator/vocal-range-calculator
@misc{wecalculate_vocal_range_calculator, title = {Vocal Range Calculator — Semitones, Octaves & Voice Type}, author = {{TG we-Calculate Editorial Team}}, howpublished = {\url{https://we-calculate.com/calculator/vocal-range-calculator}}, year = {2026}, note = {TG we-Calculate} }
Did this calculator help you?