Math

Find the mean of any list of numbers, plus the sum, count, minimum and maximum.

Calculate combinations nCr - the number of ways to choose r items from n when order does not matter.

Raise any base to any power with this exponent calculator, supporting negative, fractional and decimal exponents.

Add, subtract, multiply or divide two fractions and get the simplified result plus its decimal value instantly.

Find the greatest common divisor (GCD/HCF) and least common multiple (LCM) of a list of integers using the Euclidean algorithm.

Compute the logarithm of any positive number in any base, plus the natural log (ln) and common log (log₁₀).

Calculate percent increase or decrease between an old and new value, plus the absolute difference.

Work out percentages fast: X% of Y, what percent one number is of another, and percentage change.

Solve proportions of the form a:b = c:d for the missing value, and simplify any ratio to its lowest terms.

Solve a right triangle from any two known values: legs, hypotenuse, or an acute angle, with area and perimeter.

Find the square root, cube root or any nth root of a number, including real odd roots of negative values.

Find the determinant, trace, rank, eigenvalues and inverse of any 2×2 matrix in one step, with an animated transformation.

Find the amplitude, period, phase shift, and vertical shift of a sinusoid y = A sin(Bx + C) + D.

Calculate the bitwise AND of two integers and see the result in decimal, binary, and hexadecimal.

Calculate the antilogarithm (inverse log) of any value in any base: find b^x, 10^x (antilog₁₀), and e^x (antiln).

Calculate the arc length of a curve y = f(x) between x = a and x = b.

Calculate arccos(x) — the inverse cosine of a value — in both degrees and radians. Input must be in [−1, 1].

Calculate arcsin(x) — the inverse sine of any value between −1 and 1 — in both degrees and radians.

Calculate arctan(x) — the inverse tangent of any real number — in degrees and radians, with the complementary arccot.

Compute the area enclosed between two functions f and g over an interval [a,b].

Compute the area under a curve between a and b using accurate numerical integration.

Compute the average rate of change (secant slope) of a function between two x-values a and b.

Find the average value of a function on an interval [a,b] using the mean value of integrals.

Add, subtract, multiply, divide, mod or exponentiate huge whole numbers with exact big-integer precision.

Rotate an integer left or right by k bits within a fixed width. Bits leaving one end wrap around to the other.

Set, clear, toggle, or test a single bit at position k in an integer using bitmask operations.

Shift an integer left or right by k bits, logical or arithmetic. Shows the shifted value in decimal, binary, and hex.

Perform bitwise AND, OR, XOR, NAND, NOR, XNOR and NOT on two integers within a 4, 8, 16, 32 or 64-bit register, with binary and hex output.

Compute bitwise AND, OR, XOR, NOT (and NAND/NOR/XNOR) on two integers. See the result in decimal, binary, and hex.

Build the truth table for two boolean variables under a chosen operator (AND, OR, XOR, NAND, IMPLIES, IFF).

Compute the n-th Catalan number, counting balanced parentheses, binary trees, paths and triangulations.

Generate the Collatz (3n+1) sequence for any starting number and count the steps to reach 1.

Count multiset selections: choose r items from n types with repetition allowed, C(n+r-1, r).

Calculate the cosine of any angle in degrees or radians — plus sine, tangent and cotangent, instantly.

Calculate the cosecant (csc) of any angle in degrees or radians. Shows csc(θ) = 1/sin(θ), all six trig functions, and a step-by-step solution.

Calculate cosh(x) — the hyperbolic cosine — plus sinh(x) and tanh(x), with a graph of the characteristic catenary curve.

Calculate the cotangent cot(θ) = cos(θ)/sin(θ) in degrees or radians — with sin, cos, tan and a graph of the cotangent function.

Find positive and negative coterminal angles for any given angle by adding or subtracting full rotations.

Calculate volume, total surface area, lateral surface area, space diagonal and face diagonals of a cuboid (rectangular box) from length, width and height.

Calculate the arc length and area of a cycloid arch traced by a rolling circle of radius r. Shows parametric equations and animated curve plot.

Calculate the area, perimeter, circumradius, inradius, and diagonals of a regular decagon (10-sided polygon) from any known measurement.

Convert fractions to decimals (including repeating decimal detection) and decimals to simplified fractions, with step-by-step working.

Evaluate the definite integral of common functions from a to b using exact antiderivatives.

Convert angles between degrees and radians instantly, with the result also shown as a clean multiple of pi.

Add up the digits of any number and find its digital root by repeated digit summation.

Compute the directional derivative of f(x,y) at a point along a chosen direction vector.

Compute Euler's totient phi(n): the count of integers from 1 to n that are coprime to n.

Find the prime factorisation, all divisors, number of divisors and sum of divisors for any positive integer up to 1,000,000.

Calculate the factorial n! of any non-negative integer, the product of all whole numbers from 1 up to n.

List all divisors (factors) of a whole number, count them, sum them, and pair each factor with its complement.

Find the nth Fibonacci number, list the sequence up to n terms, and see the running sum.

Expand (ax + b)(cx + d) using the FOIL method with full step-by-step working — First, Outside, Inside, Last — and get the simplified polynomial.

Find the greatest common divisor of two integers using the Euclidean algorithm, with every step shown.

Find the greatest common factor (GCF) of two or more integers — lists all common factors and simplifies fractions.

Find the gradient vector and its magnitude for a two-variable function at a point.

Count the edges of a complete graph on n vertices: the handshake number n(n-1)/2 for undirected or n(n-1) directed.

Find the Hamming distance between two equal-length binary (or hex) strings: the number of positions where the bits differ.

Add or subtract two hexadecimal or binary numbers and see the result in hex, binary, and decimal at once.

Calculate arcsin, arccos, or arctan of a value and get the resulting angle in both degrees and radians.

Apply the law of cosines to find a triangle's third side from two sides and the included angle, or an angle from three sides.

Use the law of sines to find a missing side or angle of a triangle from known side-angle pairs.

Find the Least Common Denominator (LCD) of two or three fractions instantly, with step-by-step multipliers and a visual breakdown.

Find the Least Common Multiple (LCM) of two or three integers using the GCD / Euclidean algorithm, with step-by-step working.

Estimate the limit of a function as x approaches a value by numerically probing both sides.

Validate any credit card, IMEI, or ID number using the Luhn algorithm checksum — with a step-by-step walkthrough.

Locate the absolute maximum and minimum of a function on an interval [a,b].

Calculate the arithmetic, geometric and harmonic mean of any list of numbers — enter values separated by commas.

Approximate a definite integral with the midpoint rule using n rectangles under the curve.

Compute (base^exponent) mod m efficiently using fast exponentiation by squaring with big integers.

Find the modular multiplicative inverse of a number, the x where a*x is congruent to 1 mod m.

Find the remainder and quotient of a division, with truncated, floored and Euclidean modulo variants for negatives.

Find a root of a function using Newton's iteration starting from an initial guess.

Calculate the bitwise NOR of two integers — NOT(A OR B) — and see the result in decimal, binary, and hexadecimal.

Spell out any whole number in English words, e.g. 1234 becomes one thousand two hundred thirty-four.

Find the derivative of a function at a point using the central difference method, no symbolic algebra needed.

Encode a signed integer in sign-magnitude, one’s-complement, and two’s-complement at a chosen bit width, side by side.

Compute the bitwise OR of two integers in decimal, binary or hex, with a full bit-by-bit breakdown.

Compute the even and odd parity bit for a binary word and count its 1 bits for error-detection checks.

Compute numeric partial derivatives of a two-variable function f(x,y) at a point.

Generate any row of Pascal's triangle - the binomial coefficients C(n,k) for k = 0 to n.

Check if a number is perfect, abundant or deficient by comparing it to the sum of its proper divisors.

Calculate permutations nPr = n!/(n-r)! - the number of ordered arrangements of r items chosen from n.

Count arrangements when repetition is allowed: n^r ordered selections of r positions from n symbols.

Approximate π using Nilakantha, Gregory–Leibniz or Machin series — see convergence, error and correct decimal places for any number of terms.

Apply the pigeonhole principle: find the guaranteed minimum in the fullest box and how many items force a target count.

Convert polar coordinates (r, theta) to rectangular (x, y) coordinates and plot the resulting point.

Count the set bits (Hamming weight) and bit length of an integer, and check if it is a power of two.

Explore the Potato Paradox: calculate how much weight a batch loses when its water percentage drops slightly.

Find the number of subsets in the power set of an n-element set: 2^n total, plus proper and non-empty subset counts.

Break any integer into its prime factors and show the exponent form, e.g. 360 = 2^3 x 3^2 x 5.

Check whether any integer is prime and see its prime factorization using fast trial division up to the square root.

Convert rectangular (x, y) coordinates to polar form (r, theta) using magnitude and the atan2 angle.

Compute the reference angle for any angle and see which quadrant it lands in, in degrees or radians.

Calculate left, right, or midpoint Riemann sums for a function over an interval.

Round any number to a chosen number of decimal places or to the nearest 10, 100 or 1000, with floor and ceiling values.

Generate RSA public and private keys from two primes, then encrypt and decrypt an integer message — step by step.

Convert decimal numbers to scientific notation and back, showing the mantissa, exponent and standard form.

Calculate sec(θ) — the secant function — in degrees or radians, plus all six trig function values at the same angle.

Find the second derivative of a function at a point and tell whether it is concave up or down.

Compute union, intersection, difference and symmetric difference of two sets you enter, with element counts.

Approximate a definite integral with Simpson's rule (parabolic arcs) for high accuracy.

Calculate sin(θ), cos(θ), tan(θ) and cot(θ) for any angle in degrees or radians instantly.

Find sine, cosine, tangent and their reciprocals for any angle in degrees or radians in one step.

Calculate sinh(x), cosh(x), tanh(x) and coth(x) for any real x. Verifies the identity cosh²−sinh²=1 and plots the curve.

Compute Stirling numbers of the second kind S(n,k): partitions of n items into k non-empty subsets.

Count the subsets of a set with n elements: total 2ⁿ subsets, proper subsets, non-empty subsets and C(n,k) subsets of any size k.

Find the surface area generated by revolving a curve about the x-axis between a and b.

Compute singular values, condition number, rank, Frobenius norm and spectral norm of a 2×2 matrix via SVD.

Calculate tan(θ) for any angle in degrees or radians — plus sin, cos, cot, sec and csc, with a plotted tangent curve.

Get the equation of the tangent line to a function at a chosen point x = a.

Calculate tanh(x) — the hyperbolic tangent — plus sinh(x), cosh(x) and the derivative sech²(x), with the characteristic S-curve plot.

Evaluate a Taylor polynomial of a function centered at c and compare it to the true value.

Calculate sin, cos, tan, cot, sec and csc for any angle θ in degrees or radians, with quadrant and reference angle.

Estimate the area under a curve with the trapezoidal rule using n subintervals.

Compute the nth triangular number (1+2+...+n) and view the sequence of triangular numbers.

Calculate all six trigonometric functions — sin, cos, tan, csc, sec, cot — for any angle in degrees or radians.

Evaluate both sides of a chosen trig identity at a given angle to numerically verify it holds.

Convert signed decimal to two's-complement binary and back, at 8, 16, 32, or 64 bits. Shows representable range.

Get the exact (cos, sin) coordinates on the unit circle for any angle and plot the point on the circle.

Calculate 2D vector magnitude, dot product, 2D cross product, angle between vectors and resultant sum — with an animated vector diagram.

Find the volume of a solid formed by revolving a curve about the x-axis (disk method).

Calculate A XOR B for any two integers up to 32 bits. Shows the result in decimal, binary and hex with a step-by-step bit breakdown.